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3株蛹虫草的分离及其活性成分测定与抗氧化作用研究
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1.农业农村部西北黄土高原作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室，陕西 咸阳 712100;2.西北农林科技大学植物保护学院，陕西 咸阳 712100;3.安康市林业局，陕西 安康 725099

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王敦（1973—），男，博士，教授，博士研究生导师，主要从事微生物生物防治、药用微生物活性研究。 E-mail： dunwang@foxmail.com

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基金项目:

国家“十四五”重点研发计划项目（2022YFD1401001） ；西北农林科技大学秦岭研究院专项项目（2452023301）。


Isolation of Three Strains of Cordyceps militaris and Determination of Their Active Compounds and Antioxidant Effects
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1.Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xianyang 712100, China;2.College of plant protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China;3.Ankang Forestry Bureau, Ankang 725099, China

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    摘要:

    【目的】从陕西化龙山国家级自然保护区采集到的蛹虫草（Cordyceps militaris，C. militaris）中筛选出高产虫草素、虫草酸等活性物质的菌株。【方法】对采集到的3株蛹虫草LH3、LY1和LY9进行分离和鉴定，并对各菌株的菌丝和发酵液的提取物中最主要活性成分的产量、羟自由基清除活性和细胞氧化保护活性进行测定。【结果】蛹虫草的主要活性物质虫草酸、粗多酚和粗多糖的产量在菌株LY9的菌丝提取物中最高，分别为2.94、28.79、65.01 mg/g，而虫草素产量在菌株LY1的发酵液提取物中最高，为0.53 mg/g；菌株LY9的菌丝和发酵液的提取物均具有显著的羟自由基清除活性（IC50值分别为0.923 mg/mL和0.619 mg/mL）和细胞氧化保护活性，当其质量浓度为1.00 mg/mL时，细胞存活率分别为82.65%和78.46%。对这3株蛹虫草进行子实体培养，仅菌株LY9形成了子实体，且其虫草酸、粗多酚和粗多糖产量都高于其菌丝。【结论】菌株LY9活性物质产量高，抗氧化和细胞氧化保护能力突出，且能稳定形成活性物质产量高的子实体，具有驯化成商品化蛹虫草的潜力。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] The strains with high-yield for active compounds such as cordycepin and cordycepic acid were screened from Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) collected in Shaanxi Hualongshan National Nature Reserve. [Method] Three strains LH3, LY1, and LY9 of C. militaris were isolated and identified. The yields of the primary active compounds, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and cellular oxidative protection activity in the extracts of the mycelial and fermentation broth of each strain were determined. [Result] The yields of cordycepic acid, crude polyphenols, and crude polysaccharides, which were the main active compounds of C. militaris, were the highest in the mycelia extract of strain LY9, with values of 2.94, 28.79, 65.01 mg/g, respectively, while the yield of cordycepin was the highest (0.53 mg/g) in the fermentation broth extract of strain LY1. Both the extracts of mycelia and fermentation broth of strain LY9 exhibited significant hydroxyl radical scavenging (IC50 values of 0.923 mg/mL and 0.619 mg/mL, respectively) and cellular oxidative protection activities, with cell viabilities of 82.65% and 78.46% at a mass concentration of 1.00 mg/mL. When being cultivated for fruiting bodies, only strain LY9 successfully formed fruiting bodies, with higher yields of cordycepic acid, crude polyphenols, and crude polysaccharides than those in its mycelia. [Conclusion] Strain LY9 exhibits high yields of active compounds, outstanding antioxidant and cellular oxidative protection activities, and a stable ability to form fruiting bodies with high mass fractions of active compounds. Therefore, it has the potential to be domesticated for commercialization of C. militaris.

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孟云,张义方,施金铎,王敦.3株蛹虫草的分离及其活性成分测定与抗氧化作用研究[J].食品与生物技术学报,2025,44(8):31-40.

MENG Yun, ZHANG Yifang, SHI Jinduo, WANG Dun. Isolation of Three Strains of Cordyceps militaris and Determination of Their Active Compounds and Antioxidant Effects[J]. Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology,2025,44(8):31-40.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-11
  • 最后修改日期:2025-04-13
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-11-26
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