电子束辐照对黑木耳粉灭菌效果和品质的影响
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1.广西科学院生物研究所有限责任公司,广西 南宁 530012;2.广西科学院,广西 南宁 530012;3.百色市广业保鲜技术服务有限公司,广西 百色 533013

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罗先群(1965—),男,学士,教授级高级工程师,主要从事生物工程与技术研究。E-mail:1016024710@qq.com

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广西科技基地和人才专项项目(桂科AD23023007);广西食用菌产业科技先锋队项目(桂农科盟202408-03)。


Effects of Electron Beam Irradiation on Sterilization and Quality of Auricularia heimuer Powder
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1.Institute of Biology Co., Ltd., Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530012, China;2.Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530012, China;3.Baise Guangye Preservation Technology Service Co., Ltd., Baise 533013, China

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    摘要:

    目的】探究电子束辐照对黑木耳(Auricularia heimuerA. heimuer)粉灭菌效果和品质的影响,开发黑木耳粉灭菌加工新方法。【方法】以黑木耳粉为研究对象,采用0~10 kGy剂量的电子束辐照对样品进行灭菌处理,考察辐照剂量为2、4、6、8、10 kGy时对其微生物数量的影响,并探究辐照剂量为2、4、6 kGy时对其主要营养成分、氨基酸营养价值、抗氧化活性以及感官品质的影响。【结果】电子束辐照可以抑制和杀灭黑木耳粉中的微生物,菌落总数的D10值为 1.77 kGy。当辐照剂量为4 kGy时,黑木耳粉的粗多糖、蛋白质、药用氨基酸和必需氨基酸的质量分数均最高,分别为14.80%、13.60%、6.34 %、4.00 %,且均与对照组有显著差异(P<0.05);氨基酸营养价值显著提升(P<0.05);抗氧化活性显著增强(P<0. 05);总糖质量分数(73.4 %)和感官品质无显著变化(P>0.05)。【结论】可采用电子束辐照技术对黑木耳粉进行灭菌处理,辐照剂量为4 kGy时效果最佳,抗氧化活性最强,氨基酸营养价值最高,且不会造成品质下降。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] The aim of the study is to explore the effects of electron beam irradiation on the sterilization and quality of Auricularia heimuer A. heimuer) powder and pave a new way for sterilization of the powder. [Method] The A. heimuer powder samples were sterilized by electron beam irradiation at the doses within the range of 0~10 kGy. The effects of irradiation at doses of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 kGy on the microbial count were studied. The effects of irradiation at doses of 2, 4, 6 kGy on the main components, nutritional value regarding amino acids, antioxidant activity, and sensory quality were also investigated. [Result] Electron beam irradiation killed or inhibited the microorganisms in A. heimuer powder, and the D10 value of the total colony count was 1.77 kGy. When the dose was 4 kGy, the mass fractions of crude polysaccharides (14.80%), protein (13.60%), medicinal amino acids (6.34%), and essential amino acids (4.00%) in A. heimuer powder were the highest, and they all had differences from those in the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the A. heimuer powder irradiated at 4 kGy showed improvement in the nutritional value regarding amino acids (P<0.05), enhancement in the antioxidant activity (P<0.05), and no significant changes in the mass fraction of total sugar (73.4%) or sensory quality (P>0.05). [Conclusion] Electron beam irradiation could be used for the sterilization of A. heimuer powder. The best effect was achieved at an irradiation dose of 4 kGy, under which the processed A. heimuer powder had the strongest antioxidant activity and the highest nutritional value regarding amino acids without causing quality decline.

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王翠坚,罗先群,何达崇,董玲,蒋永强,黄雪星,李发盛,廖振娟.电子束辐照对黑木耳粉灭菌效果和品质的影响[J].食品与生物技术学报,2025,(1):61-68.

WANG Cuijian, LUO Xianqun, HE Dachong, DONG Ling, JIANG Yongqiang, HUANG Xuexing, LI Fasheng, LIAO Zhenjuan. Effects of Electron Beam Irradiation on Sterilization and Quality of Auricularia heimuer Powder[J]. Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology,2025,(1):61-68.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-17
  • 最后修改日期:2024-12-27
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-05-12
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