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同时快速检测猪肉中7种兽药残留的前处理方法研究
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1.山东省食品药品检验研究院国家市场监管重点实验室(肉及肉制品监管技术)，山东 济南 250101;2.济南幼儿师范高等专科学校，山东 济南 250101;3.山东师范大学生命科学学院，山东 济南 250101;4.北京勤邦科技股份有限公司，北京 102206

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王骏（1972—），男，学士，研究员，主要从事食品安全分析与风险预警研究。E-mail：sdzjywj@163.com

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北京市科技计划项目（Z221100007122001）；山东省市场监管科技计划项目（SDSJKJ202309）。


Pre-treatment Methods for Simultaneous and Rapid Detection of Seven Veterinary Drug Residues in Pork
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1.Key Laboratory of Supervising Technology for Meat and Meat Products for State Market Regulation, Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan 250101, China;2.Jinan Preschool Education College, Jinan 250101, China;3.College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250101, China;4.Beijing Kwinbon Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, China

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    摘要:

    【目的】 建立只需对样本进行一次前处理就可同时快速检测猪肉中7种兽药残留的前处理方法。 【方法】以猪肉中地塞米松、氯霉素、甲砜霉素、氟苯尼考、磺胺二甲嘧啶、甲硝唑、泰乐菌素等兽药为研究对象，基于国内规模较大的快速检测品牌的相关兽药胶体金免疫层析快速检测产品，优化、整合、测试后建立统一的前处理方法，考察该方法的检出限、灵敏度、假阳性率、假阴性率等性能指标，并用市场上其他厂家的胶体金快速检测产品验证其通用性。 【结果】最优提取体系为饱和氯化钠溶液-乙酸乙酯，最优的净化方式为用正己烷除脂，复溶液为含体积分数3%甲醇的0.02 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液（phosphate buffered saline，PBS）（pH 7.2）。经验证，猪肉中7种兽药的检出限为：地塞米松1.0 μg/kg、氯霉素0.10 μg/kg、甲砜霉素50 μg/kg、氟苯尼考300 μg/kg、磺胺二甲嘧啶100 μg/kg、甲硝唑0.50 μg/kg、泰乐菌素100 μg/kg；该方法的灵敏度为96%、假阳性率为6%、假阴性率为4%。 【结论】该方法与相应兽药检测参比方法的结果符合率较高，且能用于其他厂家的胶体金免疫层析快速检测产品。该方法具有准确、快速、简便、效率高和成本低等特点，能够满足猪肉中多种兽药残留现场同时大批量筛查的需求。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] This study aims to establish a pre-treatment method with only one time of operation for simultaneous and rapid detection of seven veterinary drug residues in pork. [Method]Seven veterinary drugs (dexamethasone, chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, florfenicol, sulfamethazine, metronidazole, and tylosin) in pork were studied. A unified pre-treatment method was established after integration, optimization, and testing based on colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay products from major rapid detection brands for veterinary drugs in China. The performance indicators including limit of detection, sensitivity, false positive rate, and false negative rate of the established method were investigated. The colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay products from other manufacturers in the market were used to verify the universality of the established method. [Result]The optimal extraction system was saturated sodium chloride solution-ethyl acetate. The preferred purification method was n-hexane degreasing. Phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.2, 0.02 mol/L) containing 3% (volume fraction) methanol was selected as the solution for drug reconstitution. The limits of detection of the seven veterinary drugs in pork were determined as follows: 1.0 μg/kg for dexamethasone, 0.10 μg/kg for chloramphenicol, 50 μg/kg for thiamphenicol, 300 μg/kg for flurfenicol, 100 μg/kg for sulfamethazine, 0.50 μg/kg for metronidazole, and 100 μg/kg for tylosin. The sensitivity, false positive rate, and false negative rate of the established method was 96%, 6%, and 4%, respectively. [Conclusion] The detection results of this method were highly consistent with the reference methods. And this method can be used for colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay products for rapid detection from other manufacturers. This method, with high accuracy, rapid detection, simple operation, high efficiency, and a low cost, can meet the needs of on-site and large-scale screening of multiple veterinary drug residues in pork.

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泮秋立,刘建华,张鸿雁,万宇平,吴小胜,王骏.同时快速检测猪肉中7种兽药残留的前处理方法研究[J].食品与生物技术学报,2025,(3):153-165.

PAN Qiuli, LIU Jianhua, ZHANG Hongyan, WAN Yuping, WU Xiaosheng, WANG Jun. Pre-treatment Methods for Simultaneous and Rapid Detection of Seven Veterinary Drug Residues in Pork[J]. Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology,2025,(3):153-165.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-28
  • 最后修改日期:2024-09-19
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-07-15
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