抗菌肽的生物活性及其作用机制与应用研究进展
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1.长沙理工大学食品与生物工程学院,湖南 长沙 410114;2.江南大学食品科学与资源挖掘全国重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214122;3.齐鲁工业大学食品科学与工程学院,山东 济南 250353

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通讯作者:

吴昊(1990—),男,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师,主要从事食品生物技术及食品酶工程研究。E-mail: haowu@csust.edu.cn

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基金项目:

食品科学与资源挖掘全国重点实验室开放课题项目(SKLF-KF-202304);湖南省科技创新计划资助项目(2023RC3137)。


Research Progress in Biological Activities, Mechanisms of Action, and Applications of Antimicrobial Peptides
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Affiliation:

1.School of Food and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China;2.State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;3.School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China

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    摘要:

    传统抗生素大量滥用导致的细菌耐药性推动了抗菌肽的出现和发展。抗菌肽在对抗传染性病原体方面效能高且具有独特的抗菌机制与生物相容性,能有效降低细菌的耐药率;结构的高度适应性也使其具有多重生物活性,能靶向不同类型的病原体和异常细胞,因此具有巨大的发展前景。提升稳定性有利于延长抗菌肽在体内的半衰期,改善抗菌肽的生物利用率,对提升其临床转化价值具有重要意义。作者综述了抗菌肽的生物活性、作用机制及其在食品、农业、医学等领域的应用,探讨了抗菌肽应用中存在的稳定性低的问题及提高其稳定性的方法,并对抗菌肽的研究与应用前景进行了展望。

    Abstract:

    The widespread abuse of traditional antibiotics has led to the emergence and development of antimicrobial peptides due to the resultant bacterial resistance. Antimicrobial peptides demonstrate high efficacy in combating infectious pathogens and possess unique antimicrobial mechanisms and biocompatibility, effectively reducing the bacterial resistance rate. The high structural adaptability endows antimicrobial peptides with multiple biological activities, enabling targeted action against diverse types of pathogens and abnormal cells. Accordingly, antimicrobial peptides exhibit a promising development prospect. Enhanced stability contributes to prolonging the in vivo half-life and improving the bioavailability of antimicrobial peptides, which holds crucial importance for improving the clinical translation value of antimicrobial peptides. The author summarizes the research progress in antimicrobial peptides regarding the biological activities, mechanisms of action, and applications in food, agriculture, and medical fields. Furthermore, the author discusses the low stability of antimicrobial peptides in applications and the approaches to enhance their stability and makes an outlook on future research directions and application prospects for antimicrobial peptides.

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引用本文

焦雨欣,单若兰,王旭峰,陈茂龙,文李,程云辉,吴昊.抗菌肽的生物活性及其作用机制与应用研究进展[J].食品与生物技术学报,2025,(6):19-29.

JIAO Yuxin, SHAN Ruolan, WANG Xufeng, CHEN Maolong, WEN Li, CHENG Yunhui, WU Hao. Research Progress in Biological Activities, Mechanisms of Action, and Applications of Antimicrobial Peptides[J]. Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology,2025,(6):19-29.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-24
  • 最后修改日期:2025-04-01
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-10-11
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